Team I

As we have to write the scrum report of the assignment, I hope the following links would be helpful for you guys also. https://www.getzephyr.com/insights/best-way-do-agile-project-reporting

Kannada is another language used by Indians. A set if Indians scientist are researching to develop a Novel methodology for Kannada Braille to speech Translation using Image Processing on FPGA. Their main aim of this research is to convert Braille which is printed on a sheet of paper, to its equivalent Kannada script. The steps of the project work include procurement of RGB image of the Braille character, conversion of RGB image, Extraction of braille character using auto thresholding based on histogram, noise removal, counting of dots and then identification of Braille character based on unique grouping. For the image processing task, a Spartan 3e series of FPGA has used and the output is from both text and speech. The novel algorithm for this purpose has implemented using Verilog HDL language. Read the abstract here .

Blind Aid: A Self-Learning Braille System is the only Braille system that is capable to enhance the Braille writing and reading skills of a visually impaired individual without the need of a teacher. The designed system works on the text-to-speech technology and is capable to read documents. There are different and also popular devices for visually impaired people such as Speech Assisted Learning (SAL), Book Sense Reader, Eye-Pal Reader series, Electronic Braille pad and etc. There are also some web browsers like Audio-haptic internet browser and associated tools specially designed for visually impaired people to help them in internet surfing. This proposed device is user friendly Braille writing and reading tutor with the capability of reading documents and works on text-to-speech technology which is the assistive technology for visually impaired individuals. Process of this system is, the input can be provided by either typing through the provided Braille keyboard, or inserting text

Another project based on Image processing techniques is the  Touchpad for the Blind to read text documents done by the scientists in India to provide visually impaired people to access any printed document or softcopies available on computer. Here, they have used and image sensor to take the image. Through image processing techniques, text has been extracted. To make the hardware device, they have used microcontrollers just as several other researchers have used. And also for the propagation of the Braille character, solenoid actuators are assembled. Another major factor highlighted in this research is that the assembling of the Braille dots has to be compact so as to meet the standards of the Braille when denoting the size of a Braille character. Click below link to read the abstract. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7899215/

A set of scientists in Spain has thought of developing a Literary Braille Language Translator to Spanish Text. In this project, they have done in in a series of steps to get the final outcome. First the character recognition has been done to the Braille character image. Then the separation of information contained in each Braille cell were made in order to make the comparison with a database already established. After having done this comparison, the text contained in the image is exported using a graphical user interface as the next stage in the project. This has allowed the person to see the transcript in .txt format. In this project they have they have obtained the efficiency results in 22 images of text Braille, the total characters contain in each image and the errors found by observations to calculate the percentage of efficiency. click below to read the abstract. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7778514/

                                Sinhalese Braille                     Sinhalese Braille  is one of the Bharati braille   alphabets. While it largely conforms to the letter values of other Bharati alphabets, it diverges in the values of the letters assigned toward the end of those alphabets. Alphabet           although sinhalese braille adopt from bharati braille. several letters   t oward the end of the Bharati alphabet (in the row of 'extra' letters) have been reassigned in Sinhalese. sinhala alphabet compare with ISO and braille character shown as fig. 1 and fig. 2.                                                     fig. 1 sinhalese braille                                       fig.2 sinhalese braille                          In addition, the pairs of letters  e/ē  and  ś/ṣ  have interchanged braille values from what one would expect from other Bharati alphabets, and the syllable codas (last row below) are mostly innovative. Punctua